There's more to dehydration than loss of fluids

There's more to dehydration than loss of fluids

Olympia Shilpa Gerald

Elderly, diabetic and hypertensive patients vulnerable

PHOTO: M.Moorthy

scorching sun:The elderly bear the brunt of summer heat.
TIRUCHI: Dog days are here and the energy sapping heat can trigger a range of symptoms from headache to muscle cramps. Though cases of heat stroke have not been reported as yet, dehydration is a common phenomenon. Dehydration cannot be dismissed as mere loss of fluids, as it can trigger other complaints, depending on the severity of the condition, medical history and age.

Dehydration caused by loss or paucity of fluids can range from mild and moderate to life threatening. Keeping the body hydrated with enough fluids is paramount, stress physicians. M.A.Aleem, Professor of Neurology, KAP Vishwanatham College and Annal Gandhi Memorial Hospital, says severe dehydration triggered by summer diarrhoea can lead to renal failure in children. On the other hand, in adolescents and adults, dehydration can be linked to bladder irritation. Urine output declines in summer as maximum quantity of water evaporates through skin, and concentrated urine can irritate the bladder. Consuming spicy and hot food can deteriorate the condition.

Vehicles users, particularly two wheeler drivers are susceptible to dehydration due to prolonged exposure to heat.

Excessive tiredness may develop due to inadequate blood circulation while headaches are caused due to excessive strain to eye muscles. Use of sun glasses and avoiding direct exposure to the sun can minimise such headaches. Mode of dressing, preferably wearing cotton clothes, staying in ventilated spaces and adequate fluid intake are important while car drivers should avoid proximity to the engine as the dry air can cause harm.

Among the most vulnerable population are the elderly, diabetic and hypertensive patients, says M.S. Ashraf, senior physician and Chairman, Association of Physicians of India, Tamil Nadu Chapter. Dehydration coupled with diarrhoea in diabetic/ hypertensive patients or elderly people can possibly cause stroke, he cautions. Dehydration decreases blood circulation in the body and leads to fall in blood pressure.

Doctors recommend tender coconut and electrolyte solutions as the best preventive care.

However, diabetics should stay away from the former and hypertension patients should avoid the latter. Plain, purified drinking water would be the best bet in such cases.

In general, consumption of fluids rich in mineral content and fruits with high water content is advisable, say experts.