World stroke day 2012

Every year world stroke day is adopted on October 29th to give awareness on stroke. This year the slogan is "Because I care. . .
- I want to know the fact about stroke
-I will work to break down the myths surrounding stroke
-I want you to learn how to minimize your risk of stroke
-I want you to have access to the best possible treatment
-I will ensure that you receive quality treatment care and support
-I will be with you every step of way towards your full recovery.
So Join Hands To Create Stroke Free community.

World Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus day 2012

First world Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus day is adopted on 25.10.2012 to increase awareness on congenital disorders like this. Every year about 270000 newborn died of congenital anomelies such as Spina Bifida. This year the theme is "Unfold their potential (y )our return on investment". Congenital anomelies can occur in 1 in 33 infants resulted in 3.2 million birth defect related disability every year. Folic acid vitamin usage in pregnancy can prevent this type of disorders. In Tamilnadu our chief minister Jayalalithaa has ordered to do surgery for these congenital disorders with free of cost under Tamilnadu government chief minister's comprehensive health insurance scheme for the first time in India.

Early Menopause Increases Stroke Risk

Natural or surgical menopause duo to oophorectomy or hysterectomy before the age of 42 or even before the age of 46 increases the risk of getting stroke by two fold in women.

Treatment For Dengue Fever Available At All Government Hospital In Tamil Nadu

Dr.M.A.Aleem professor of Neurology KAPV government College and MGM Government Hospital has stressed the importance of Treatment facilities for dengue fever available at all government hospital,primary health Center and medical college hospital in all over Tamil Nadu.Our Tamil Nadu chief minister j.jayalalitha has taken all the steps to investigate and treat all the cases of dengue fever and it's complication with free of cost in Tamil Nadu .

The Hindu : NATIONAL / TAMIL NADU : Rs.2.5 crore earmarked for control, elimination of dengue

The Hindu : NATIONAL / TAMIL NADU : Rs.2.5 crore earmarked for control, elimination of dengue

The Hindu : NATIONAL / TAMIL NADU : Door-to-door visits taken up to check incidence of dengue

The Hindu : NATIONAL / TAMIL NADU : Door-to-door visits taken up to check incidence of dengue

Suspected Dengue Fever Cases In Tamilnadu Is Coming Down

Dr. M.A.Aleem M.D., D.M. (Neuro)

HOD & Professor of Neurology

KAPV Govt. Medical Collage & MGM Govt. Hospital

Trichy – 620017.

Introduction

Dengue virus is primarily spread to people by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Over 2.5 billion people live in areas where dengue fever ( DF ) is endemic. The World Health Organization estimates that there are between 50 million and 100 million dengue infections each year.
Dengue is the most important arthropod-borne viral disease of public health significance, the global prevalence of which has grown dramatically in recent decades with estimated 2.5 billion people at a risk of acquiring dengue viral infection and more than 50 million new infections being projected annually. Dengue and its severe manifestations: DHF and dengue shock syndrome (DSS), are recognized as important emerging public health problems in tropics and subtropics.

Dengue fever and DHF/DSS are caused by the four viral serotypes transmitted from viraemic to susceptible humans mainly by bites of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquito species. Recovery from infection by one serotype provides lifelong immunity against that particular serotype but imparts only partial immunity against subsequent infection by other three serotypes. Dengue is one of the notable viral infections, the global epidemiology of which has changed dramatically in recent years and the Indian encounter with this disease is intriguing. Dengue infection has been known to be endemic in many parts of India for over two centuries as a benign and self limited disease and outbreaks have been reported at regular intervals from almost all parts of India. Epidemiology of dengue infection is rapidly changing with increasing frequency of outbreaks. All the four serotypes have been reported to be circulating in India with changes occurring in the leading serotypes. Since there is no vaccine available for the DF, the prevention and control of the disease mainly depends upon the epidemiological surveillance that provides reliable estimate of the disease and thereby helping to implement effective vector control measures. It is of utmost importance to characterize the circulating serotypes of dengue virus in our community and understand the evolutionary processes influencing the dengue virus.
There has been a considerable increase in the geographic spread, number of cases and severity of the disease in the past four decades, since there is a drastic change in the environment due to rapid urbanization and increase in transportation facilities in several parts of India..
DF has been known to be endemic in India for more than 20 years as a benign and self-limited disease; however, during recent years, the severe form as DHF is manifesting more frequently. Outbreaks of dengue fever are reported almost every year in India. The first serotype isolated in India was Den-1 in the year 1945 from Kolkata. However, large and severe outbreaks in India have been mostly caused by dengue virus type-2.
Den-3 was the major circulating serotype in children, while Den-2 was the predominant one in adults. Den-2 was found to be the major causative type amongst DHF group.

Dengue virus and mosquitos

Scientists have shown for the first time that infection with dengue virus turns on mosquito genes that makes them hungrier and better feeders, and therefore possibly more likely to spread the disease to humans.

Dengue virus infection of the mosquito's salivary gland triggered a response that involved genes of the insect's immune system, feeding behaviour and the mosquito's ability to sense odours.

"The virus may, therefore, facilitate the mosquito's host-seeking ability, and could-at least theoretically-increase transmission efficiency, although we don't fully understand the relationships between feeding efficiency and virus transmission.
"In other words, a hungrier mosquito with a better ability to sense food is more likely to spread dengue virus,"
For the study, the researchers performed a genome-wide microarray gene expression analysis of dengue-infected mosquitoes.
Further analysis of infected mosquitoes showed that silencing, or "switching off", two odorant-binding protein genes resulted in an overall reduction in the mosquito's blood-acquisition capacity from a single host by increasing the time it took the for mosquito to probe for a meal.

What is dengue fever?

Dengue fever is a disease caused by a family of viruses that are transmitted by mosquitoes. It is an acute illness of sudden onset that usually follows a benign course with symptoms such as headache, fever, exhaustion, severe muscle and joint pain, swollen glands (lymphadenopathy), and rash. The presence (the "dengue triad") of fever, rash, and headache (and other pains) is particularly characteristic of dengue. Other signs of dengue fever include bleeding gums, severe pain behind the eyes, and red palms and soles.
Dengue (pronounced DENG-gay) can affect anyone but tends to be more severe in people with compromised immune systems. Because it is caused by one of four serotypes of virus, it is possible to get dengue fever multiple times. However, an attack of dengue produces immunity for a lifetime to that particular serotype to which the patient was exposed.
Dengue goes by other names, including "breakbone" or "dandy fever." Victims of dengue often have contortions due to the intense joint and muscle pain, hence the name breakbone fever. Slaves in the West Indies who contracted dengue were said to have dandy fever because of their postures and gait.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a more severe form of the viral illness. Symptoms include headache, fever, rash, and evidence of hemorrhage in the body. Petechiae (small red or purple splotches or blisters under the skin), bleeding in the nose or gums, black stools, or easy bruising are all possible signs of hemorrhage. This form of dengue fever can be life-threatening and can progress to the most severe form of the illness, dengue shock syndrome.

What geographic areas are at high risk for contracting dengue fever?

Dengue is prevalent throughout the tropics and subtropics. Dengue fever is common, in at least 100 countries in Asia, the Pacific, the Americas, Africa, and the Caribbean. Thailand, Vietnam,india, Singapore, and Malaysia have all reported an increase in cases.
Nearly 40% of the world's population lives in an area endemic with dengue. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 22,000 deaths occur yearly, mostly among children.

How is dengue fever diagnosed?

The diagnosis of dengue fever is usually made when a patient exhibits the typical clinical symptoms of headache, fever, eye pain, severe muscle aches and petechial rash and has a history of being in an area where dengue fever is endemic. Dengue fever can be difficult to diagnose because its symptoms overlap with those of many other viral illnesses, such as West Nile virus and chikungunya fever.
In 2011, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a blood test to diagnose people with dengue fever, called the DENV Detect IgM Capture ELISA. The FDA notes that the new test may also give a positive result when a person has a closely related virus, such West Nile disease.

What is the treatment for dengue fever?

Because dengue fever is caused by a virus, there is no specific medicine or antibiotic to treat it. For typical dengue, the treatment is purely concerned with relief of the symptoms. Rest and fluid intake for adequate hydration is important. Aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should only be taken under a doctor's supervision because of the possibility of worsening bleeding complications. Acetaminophen and codeine may be given for severe headache and for joint and muscle pain (myalgia).

What is the prognosis for typical dengue fever?

Typical dengue is fatal in less than 1% of cases. The acute phase of the illness with fever and myalgias lasts about one to two weeks. Convalescence is accompanied by a feeling of weakness (asthenia), and full recovery often takes several weeks.

Dengue fever facts

• Dengue fever is a disease caused by a family of viruses that are transmitted by mosquitoes.
• Symptoms such as headache, fever, exhaustion, severe joint and muscle pain, swollen glands (lymphadenopathy), and rash. The presence (the "dengue triad") of fever, rash, and headache (and other pains) is particularly characteristic of dengue fever.
• Because dengue fever is caused by a virus, there is no specific medicine or antibiotic to treat it. For typical dengue fever, the treatment is purely concerned with relief of the symptoms (symptomatic).
• The acute phase of the illness with fever and myalgias lasts about one to two weeks.
• Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a specific syndrome that tends to affect children under 10 years of age. It causes abdominal pain, hemorrhage (bleeding), and circulatory collapse (shock).
• The prevention of dengue fever requires control or eradication of the mosquitoes carrying the virus that causes dengue.
• There is currently no vaccine available for dengue fever.

Preventive Measures to control Dengue Fever

Dengue fever is a disease caused by a family of viruses that are transmitted by mosquitoes However the affected person is treated with Paracetamol to bring down the fever. The person is usually recommended to drink lots of fluids.

• The prevention of dengue requires control or eradication of the mosquitoes carrying the virus that causes dengue.

• To prevent mosquito bites, wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants, socks and shoes when outdoors.

• For personal protection, use mosquito repellant sprays that contain DEET when visiting places where dengue is endemic.

• “Aedes” mosquitoes usually bite during the day. Therefore, special precautions should be taken during early morning hours before day break and in the late afternoon before dark.

• Eliminate stagnant water that serve as mosquito breeding sites at home, workplaces and their vicinity.

• Using mosquito nets at home and patients need to be kept under mosquito netting until the second bout of fever is over and they are no longer contagious.

• Cover overhead tank to prevent access to mosquitoes.

• Eliminate breeding ground by removing unused plastic pools, old tires, or buckets and clearing clogged gutters.

• Conducts dengue awareness programs in your apartment complex and neighborhood.

• Advise people showing symptoms of dengue to immediately go for a check-up and get treatment.

• The most effective way to reduce the number of mosquitoes around homes or neighborhoods is to find and eliminate their breeding sites.

Conclusion
At present, dengue control and prevention require awareness of factors beyond those commonly seen in tropical countries. Many of the affected countries are poor and developing. Realistic approaches for their infrastructure are required to be urgently developed.  Detailed serological and virological studies of dengue outbreaks in endemic areas are required to pinpoint the nature of the outbreaks to help to develop effective control measures. Well-targeted population-based epidemiological studies with clear operational objectives are urgently required to control high morbidity and mortality due to dengue.
In Tamilnadu
Recently In Tamilnadu suspected dengue fever cases are reported in a few districts. Our tamilnadu chief minister Jayalalitha has ordered various measures to prevent the spread of suspected dengue fever in the state. Miss.Jayalalitha’s warfooting measures is started giving results by reduction of new cases of suspected dengue fever  reported in Tamilnadu from third week of October 2012. 

The Hindu : NATIONAL / TAMIL NADU : Rise in fevers poses challenge in differentiating dengue

The Hindu : NATIONAL / TAMIL NADU : Rise in fevers poses challenge in differentiating dengue

Tomato prevent stroke (Brain attack)

Tomato and tomato based products intake is useful to prevent stroke. Tomato contains Lycopene an antioxidant that decreases oxidative modification of low density lipoprotien (LDL) cholesterol the first step of cerebrovascular events. Lycopene in tomato and tomato products can also reduces arteries inflammation inhibits cholesterol synthesis improve immune function and prevent platelet stickyNess and blood clot formation and thereby decreases the risk of all type stroke.

Language barrier ups students’ suicides in Trichy Tamil Nadu

TRICHY: A lack of proficiency in English among students from rural areas and the complex they develop due to their inability to converse in the language are being cited as reasons for the increasing number of suicides and attempts to suicide in colleges in Trichy district in central Tamil Nadu.

Going by the statistics obtained from Trichy police, the tragedies occur at regular intervals in engineering and arts colleges. In the city, police registered four cases of suicides of students, including two girls, in the year 2011. Likewise in the current year, three suicides, including that of a girl, have been reported since April 2012. All the seven suicides were committed in the college premises. However, there were some suicides committed outside the colleges as well.

"We have come across seven such cases, particularly in engineering colleges from the year 2011," said a senior police officer seeking anonymity. Many students attempt suicide, but they are fortunately rescued, he said. Police investigations found that students hailing from rural areas have a problem conversing in English language when they join engineering colleges with English medium. "It poses a serious problem for students from villages. They find it difficult to understand the subjects and they perform poorly," said the officer.

"They feel embarrassed by their inadequacy and they lose hope and take the foolish step of ending their lives. Besides the language problem, other issues such as family disputes, love affairs and others remain the main cause behind the suicides," added the officer.

Recalling her first day in college, a former BTech student of Anna University-Trichy S Vijayalakshmi, hailing from Erumaipatti village, said, "I felt I was in a different world as I did not know English. But I had enough confidence to overcome the problem." Vijayalakshmi gradually learnt the language and even excelled in her studies. "But many students feel ashamed to discuss the issue with friends and professors. They lose hope that they can ever grasp the language and end up even contemplating suicide," she said.

Soft skill trainer E Paul Guna Loganath said "a 'bridge course' was essential in the first year, not only for students hailing from rural areas but also for the urban students, who have a problem speaking and understanding English. "Except arts colleges, many of the engineering colleges do not pay heed to the students' problems and do not conduct such classes. The faculty should also reach out to the students by understanding their problems so that the feel free to clarify their doubts," Loganath pointed out.

Trichy-based neurologist Dr M A Aleem, who has some experience in psychological counselling, said, "The students might have inferiority complex due to language barriers. But it can be overcome if they are helped to
gain confidence."
-Times of India
24/9/2012

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World mental heath day 2012

world mental health day is adopted on 10th October every year to increases the awareness on mental health. This year theme is " depression a global crisis ". Globally about 350 million people in all race and age are suffering from depression. In India about 39 % of people are with depression. It needs familial community social and medical support to come out from depressive illness. A collective approach will correct depressive illness in all sex in all age group and in all race in all countries including India

The Health Benefits of cycling

Dr. M. A. Aleem., M.D., D.M. (Neuro)

Consultant Neurologist and epileptologist

Trained at Institution of Neurology Queen’s Square.London. UK.

President,

Trichy Neuro Association.

HOD & Professor of Neurology, Dept. of Neurology

KAPV Govt. Medical College and MGM Govt. Hospital

Trichy – 620 017.

Tamil Nadu.

Mobile:94431 59940

Below are summarised some of the health benefits of cycling, for the individual and society as a whole. Many of the benefits are not unique to cycling but are a consequence of moderate physical activity. In several cases, however, cycling enables that benefit to be achieved more easily, more widely or more effectively.

Immune system

The immune system serves to protect the body from infections and diverse systemic diseases. Studies show that moderate activity, such as cycling, strengthens the immune system and thus contributes to a healthy life. It can also increase activity against tumour cells, assisting the prevention of related illnesses.

Muscles

Humans have several hundred muscles, which have to be used regularly in order to maintain fitness and health. A week of inactivity reduces the strength of the muscular system by up to 50% and can harm them long-term. This is particularly true for older people as aging causes muscles to shrink.
During cycling, most of the body's muscles are activated. The leg muscles are responsible for the pedalling movement; the abdomen and back muscles stabilise the body on the cycle and cushion external influences; and the shoulder-arm muscular system supports the body at the handlebars. All this trains and tightens up the muscular system, making it stronger and able to function efficiently.

The skeletal system

This is the body's supporting framework, held together by muscles, tendons and ligaments. Exercise and the accompanying strain on the skeletal system strengthens it and increases mobility. Cycling has a positive effect on bone density and strength. Moreover, a muscular system strengthened by cycling supports and protects the skeletal system.

Spinal diseases and back pains

Posture when cycling is optimum, and the cyclic movement of the legs stimulates muscles in the lower back, where slipped discs are most likely to occur. In this way the spine is strengthened and secured against external stresses. In particular cycling can stimulate the small muscles of the vertebrae which are difficult to affect through other exercise. This can help reduce the likelihood of back pains and other problems.

Joint protection

Cycling is especially good at protecting and feeding cartilages as the support given by the bicycle means that the forces that act as a result of body weight are significantly reduced. The circular movement of cycling assists the transport of energy and other metabolic produces to the cartilages, reducing the likelihood of arthrosis.

Balance and equilibrium

Physical activity serves as a regulator to relieve the stress that is common in current lifestyles. It produces the balance between exertion and relaxation which is so important for the body's inner equilibrium. Cycling is especially ideal for this process, countering stress in two ways: by satisfying the need for activity where people lack movement or exercise; and by balancing out increased strain, particularly mental and emotional.

Mental stress

Cycling has a considerable relaxing effect due to its uniform, cyclic movement which stablises the physical and emotional functions of the body. This counteracts anxiety, depression and other psychological problems. The exercise also controls hormonal balance.

Oxygen and circulation

Oxygen is vital for all biological organisms and the basic prerequisite for the respiratory processes of humans. Respiration is often impaired by adiposity and lack of exercise. Among other things, regular physical activity strengthens the respiratory muscles, which leads to improved ventilation of the lungs and thus has a positive effect on oxygen exchange. Enormous positive health effects can be achieved in energy uptake and processing, through moderate cycling.

Heart and cardiovascular diseases

The heart is one of the most important organisms for a healthy life but can be damaged by inactivity. Cycling is ideal for training the heart to be stronger which results in less stress of the heart. All the risk factors that lead to a heart attack are reduced and regular cycling reduces the likelihood of heart attack by more than 50%.

Body weight, adiposity and obesity

Cycling is ideal for targeting these problems as 70% of the body's weight is borne by the saddle, thus enabling people who could not otherwise move easily to exercise to increase their physical fitness and stimulate fat metabolism. Cycling also contributes to weight reduction by burning energy.

Body fat and hypercholesterol

Cycling can train the organism to use up fat reserves and also changes the cholesterol balance, favouring the protective kind over that which is threatening to health. As body weight reduces and cholesterol is optimised, a protective mechanism is enabled by continuing to cycle. Regular exercise during youth is a prevention factor against excessive body weight in adults.

Blood pressure

Moderate cycling can prevent, or at least reduce, high blood pressure and so help to avoid stroke or damage to the organs. Blood pressure is also reduced by a lower heart rate, which is a result of regular cycling.

Cancers

Regular physical activity has been shown to reduce the risk of colon, breast, prostate and pancreatic cancers, and possibly lung and endometrial cancers too.

Stamina

Cycling is especially good for aerobic exercise as the strain on the body is less than in other endurance sports. Improved stamina reduces tiredness and fatigue and promotes a sense of well-being..

Beauty and attractiveness

Beauty and attractiveness are much linked to body shape and condition. Cycling can positively influence these by controlling body weight and muscular form. Skin also benefits from the metabolic processes that are stimulated. In addition, cycling affects physical feeling which influences the perception of others.

Physical workout

In addition to regular moderate exercise, the body benefits from more demanding activity from time to time, which improves fitness and provides greater diversion from everyday problems. Cycling can provide more intensive activity as easily as by pedalling faster or harder.

Quality of life

Physical activity has a direct effect on well-being and health. Cycling has numerous advantages that can directly affect quality of life, as it provides benefits both physically and emotionally. Regular exercise, taken as an integral part of daily life, is needed to permanently enhance the quality of life.

Secondary benefits

More cycling, especially as an alternative to motor vehicle travel, would bring substantial health benefits for society as a whole due to improved air quality, reduced noise and danger, and greater independence for children.