Saturday, November 3, 2018
Friday, November 2, 2018
H1N1 Swine flu (H1N1 flu) Prevention Tips Prof.Dr.M.A.Aleem M.D.D.M (Neuro)
Swine flu (H1N1 flu) Prevention Tips
Prof.Dr.M.A.Aleem M.D.D.M (Neuro)
Emeritus Professor Neurology
The Tamilnadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University
Past President
Tamilnadu Pondycherry Association of Neurologists
Former Vice-Principal
KAPV Govt. Medical College and MGM Govt. Hospital.
Fromer HOD and Professor of Neurology Senior Neurology civil surgeon KAPVGMC and
MGM Govt. Hospital
Consultant Neurologist
ABC Hospital
Trichy 620018
Tamilnadu
India
drmaaleem@hotmail.com
Phone 9443159940
The term "swine flu" refers to influenza in pigs. Occasionally, pigs transmit influenza viruses to people. Less often, someone infected with swine flu passes the infection to others.
The human respiratory infection caused by a particular influenza virus H1N1 strain — popularly known as swine flu — was first recognized in 2009. A few months after the first swine flu cases were reported, rates of confirmed H1N1-related illness were increasing in much of the world. As a result, the World Health Organization declared the infection a global pandemic.
The pandemic was declared over in August 2010. Currently, H1N1 is still circulating in humans as a seasonal flu virus .
Symptoms
H1N1 flu signs and symptoms in humans are similar to those of other flu strains:
Fever (but not always)
Cough
Sore throat
Runny or stuffy nose
Watery, red eyes
Body aches
Headache
Fatigue
Diarrhea
Nausea and vomiting
H1N1 flu symptoms develop about one to three days after you're exposed to the virus.
When to see a doctor
It's not necessary to see a doctor if you're generally healthy and develop flu signs and symptoms, such as fever, cough and body aches. Call your doctor, however, if you have flu symptoms and you're pregnant or you have a chronic disease, such as asthma, emphysema, diabetes or a heart condition, because you have a higher risk of complications from the flu.
Causes
Influenza viruses infect the cells lining your nose, throat and lungs. The virus enters your body when you inhale contaminated droplets or transfer live virus from a contaminated surface to your eyes, nose or mouth.You can't catch swine flu from eating pork.
Risk factors
If you've traveled to an area where many people are affected by swine flu (H1N1 flu), you may have been exposed to the virus, particularly if you spent time in large crowds.
Swine farmers and veterinarians have the highest risk of true swine flu because of their exposure to pigs.
Complications
Influenza complications include:
Worsening of chronic conditions, such as heart disease and asthma
Pneumonia
Neurological signs and symptoms, ranging from confusion to seizures
Respiratory failure
Prevention
Flu vaccination for all people older than 6 months of age. An H1N1 virus is one component of the seasonal flu shot . The flu shot also protects against two or three other influenza viruses that are expected to be the most common during the flu season.
The vaccine will be available as an injection or a nasal spray. The nasal spray is approved for use in healthy people 2 through 49 years of age who are not pregnant. The nasal spray isn't recommended for people who are older than 50, younger than 2, pregnant or allergic to eggs, or people who have asthma or a compromised immune system, or those who use aspirin therapy.
These measures also help prevent swine flu (H1N1 flu) and limit its spread:
Stay home if you're sick.
If you have swine flu (H1N1 flu), you can give it to others. Stay home for at least 24 hours after your fever is gone.
Wash your hands thoroughly and frequently.
Use soap and water, or if they're unavailable, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
Contain your coughs and sneezes.
Cover your mouth and nose when you sneeze or cough. To avoid contaminating your hands, cough or sneeze into a tissue or the inner crook of your elbow.
Avoid contact.
Stay away from crowds if possible. And if you're at high risk of complications from the flu — for example, you're younger than 5 or you're 65 or older, you're pregnant, or you have a chronic medical condition such as asthma — consider avoiding swine barns at seasonal fairs and elsewhere.
Reduce exposure within your household.
If a member of your household has swine flu, designate only one household member to be responsible for the ill person's personal care.
Safety Tips to use Firecrackers duing Diwali 2018- M.A.Aleem Neurologist Trichy Tamilnadu India
Safety Tips to use Firecrackers duing Diwali
Prof.Dr.M.A.Aleem M.D.D.M (Neuro)
Emeritus Professor Neurology
The Tamilnadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University
Past President
Tamilnadu Pondycherry Association of Neurologists
Former Vice-Principal
KAPV Govt. Medical College and MGM Govt. Hospital.
Fromer HOD and Professor of Neurology Senior Neurology civil surgeon KAPVGMC and
MGM Govt. Hospital
Consultant Neurologist
ABC Hospital
Trichy 620018
Tamilnadu
India
drmaaleem@hotmail.com
Phone 9443159940
Obey all local laws regarding the use of fireworks.
Know your fireworks; read the cautionary labels and performance descriptions before igniting.
A responsible adult SHOULD supervise all firework activities. Never give fireworks to children.
Alcohol and fireworks do not mix. Save your alcohol for after the show.
Wear safety glasses when shooting fireworks.
Light one firework at a time and then quickly move away.
Use fireworks OUTDOORS in a clear area; away from buildings electric wires and vehicles.
Never relight a “dud” firework. Wait 20 minutes and then soak it in a bucket of water.
Always have a bucket of water and charged water hose nearby.
Never carry fireworks in your POCKET or shoot them into METAL or GLASS containers.
Do not experiment with homemade fireworks.
Dispose of spent fireworks by wetting them down and place in a metal trash can away from any building or combustible materials until the next day.
Regulations PROHIBIT the possession and transportation of fireworks in your checked baggage or carry-on luggage.
Report illegal explosives, like M-80s and quarter sticks, to the fire or police department.
And let’s not forget the safety of our pets!
Don’t bring your pets to a fireworks display, even a small one.
If fireworks are being used near your home, put your pet in a safe, interior room to avoid exposure to the sound.
Make sure your pet has an identification tag, in case it runs off during a fireworks display.
Never shoot fireworks of any kind (consumer fireworks, sparklers, fountains, etc.) near pets.
JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS Prof.Dr.M.A.Aleem M.D.D.M (Neuro) Emeritus Professor Neurology The Tamilnadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University
JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS
Prof.Dr.M.A.Aleem M.D.D.M (Neuro)
Emeritus Professor Neurology
The Tamilnadu Dr.M.G.R. Medical University
Past President
Tamilnadu Pondycherry Association of Neurologists
Former Vice-Principal
KAPV Govt. Medical College and MGM Govt. Hospital.
Fromer HOD and Professor of Neurology Senior Neurology civil surgeon KAPVGMC and
MGM Govt. Hospital
Consultant Neurologist
ABC Hospital
Trichy 620018
Tamilnadu
India
drmaaleem@hotmail.com
Phone 9443159940
1. What is Japanese encephalitis?
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a potentially severe viral zoonotic disease caused by the Japanese Encephalitis(B) virus .It is an arbovirus belongs to family Flaviviridae, closely related to West Nile, St .Louis & Kunjin viruses.
2. What are the signs and symptoms of Japanese Encephalitis?
Most people who are infected develop mild symptoms or no symptoms at all. In people who develop severe disease, initial symptoms include fever, chills, headache, fatigue, nausea and vomiting. The disease can progress to inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) and is often accompanied by seizures. Coma and paralysis occur in some cases.
The course of the disease can be conveniently divided into 3 stages:
A) Prodromal stage
B) Acute encephalitic stage
C) Late convalescent stage
Prodromal stage:
General malaise, abrupt onset of acute fever, head ache often accompanied with vomiting, ranges from 1 to14 days (average of 1 � 3 days).
Acute encephalitic stage:
Continuous fever (100 to 107� F), Stiff Neck, Convulsions, Altered Sensorium, Focal CNS signs, Delirium, Stupor and finally progressing to Coma. Most death occurs in this stage.
Late convalescent stage:
Temperature returns to normal , Neurological signs stationary or tend to improve and residual neurological deficit are common.
3. How Japanese Encephalitis is transmitted?
Transmitted by certain species of Cx.vishnui subgroup of mosquitoes like Cx. Vishnui, Cx.pseudovishnui, and Cx.tritaeniorhynchus. The migratory birds carry the virus in them which is transmitted to man through the amplifier host (pig) by the mosquitoes. Man is the accidental host
Mosquitoes become infected by feeding on domestic pigs and wild birds infected with the Japanese encephalitis virus. Infected mosquitoes then transmit the Japanese encephalitis virus to humans and animals during the feeding process. The Japanese encephalitis virus is amplified in the blood systems of domestic pigs and wild birds.
4. Where do the Japanese encephalitis vector mosquitoes breed?
They breed mainly in Paddy fields.
5. Could you get the Japanese encephalitis from another person?
No, Japanese encephalitis virus is NOT transmitted from person-to-person. For example, you cannot get the virus from touching or kissing a person who has the disease, or from a health care worker who has treated someone with the disease.
6. Where does Japanese encephalitis occur?
JE usually occurs in rural or agricultural areas, often associated with rice farming. Transmission is seasonal, and human disease usually peaks in the months of July and October.
7. How soon do people get sick after being bitten by an infected mosquito?
It takes 5 to 15 days after the bite of an infected mosquito to develop symptoms.
8. How is Japanese encephalitis diagnosed?
Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical signs and symptoms and specialized laboratory tests of blood or spinal fluid. These tests typically detect antibodies that the immune system makes against the viral infection.
List of diagnostic facilities for Japanese Encephalitis in Tamil Nadu
E.g
1 King Institute of Preventive Medicine & Research -Guindy, Chennai.
2 KAP Viswanatham Govt.Medical College-Trichy.
3 Govt.Thanjavur Medical College-Thanjavur.
4 Govt.Madurai Medical College-Madurai.
5 Govt.Thirunelveli Medical College-Thirunelveli.
6 Govt.Coimbatore Medical College-Coimbatore.
7 Govt.Villupuram Medical College-Mundiyambakkam.
9. What is the treatment for Japanese encephalitis?
There is no specific treatment. Severe illnesses are treated by supportive therapy which may include hospitalization, respiratory support, and intravenous fluids.
10. Is there a vaccine for Japanese encephalitis?
Yes.
Initially Mouse brain killed vaccine was given to children in Perambalur district of Tamil Nadu and had shown good results.
With the Government of India support SA-14-14-2 type of JE vaccine is given to the children in the age group of 1-15 years in 13 JE endemic districts viz. Tiruvallur, Tiruvannamalai, Villupuram, Cuddalore, Perambalur, Ariyalur, Thiruvarur, Thanjavur, Pudukottai, Tiruchirapalli, Madurai, Virudhunagar and Karur as a single dose during campaign mode. Later, the children in these districts are given 2 doses of JE Vaccine in the age of 9 months and 16- 24 months.
JE vaccination programme was conducted in a campaign mode in the above districts from 2007 onwards upto 2014 and later included under Routine Immunisation Programme.
11. Who should get Japanese encephalitis vaccine?
JE vaccine is recommended for travelers who plan to spend at least 1 month in endemic areas during the JE virus transmission season. Vaccine should also be considered for the following:
Short-term (less than 1 month) travelers to endemic areas during the transmission season, if they plan to travel outside an urban area and their activities will increase the risk of exposure. Higher-risk activities include participating in extensive outdoor activities (such as camping, hiking, trekking, biking, fishing, hunting, or farming) and staying in accommodations without air conditioning, screens, or bed nets.
Travelers to an area with an ongoing outbreak.
Travelers to endemic areas who are uncertain of specific travel destinations, activities, or duration.
12. How to eliminate the breeding of mosquitoes?
Intermittent irrigation (following one dry day a week) is the only way to eliminate the breeding of mosquitoes.
Applying neem coated urea in paddy fields.
Thursday, November 1, 2018
Brain fever Death -Times of India Trichy on 2.11.2018
http://toi.in/y4DFpZ52/a33gj
Times of India Trichy 2.11.2018
Home >> Trichy
One-year-old girl dies of brain fever
| Friday | 2nd November, 2018
Trichy: A one-year-old girl died possibly of viral meningoencephalitis, a type of brain fever, in Elurpatti village near Thottiyam in the district, on Wednesday. She breathed her last on Wednesday morning, not responding to treatments.The health department officials said that though the brain fever was rare in the district, they still see four to five cases a year. He said that viral meningoencephalitis occurs mostly among children. Based on further investigations, we would try and come up with awareness measures.”Meanwhile, neurologist Dr M A Aleem said that though not very common, this type of brain fever could be transmitted from person to person. Following her death, the health department launched an investigation to find out how she came in contact with the virus.
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